|
Ferhat Pasha Mosque ((ボスニア語:Ferhat-pašina džamija), (トルコ語:Ferhad Paşa Camii)), also known as the Ferhadija Mosque, was a central building in the city of Banja Luka and one of the greatest achievements of Bosnia and Herzegovina’s 16th century Ottoman to impose Islamic architecture in Europe. The mosque was demolished in 1993 at the order of the authorities of Republika Srpska, and it is currently being rebuilt. Commissioned by the Bosnian Sanjak-bey Ferhat-paša Sokolović, the mosque was built in 1579〔(ArchNet Digital Library: ''Ferhad Pasha Mosque'' )〕 with money, as tradition has it,〔János Asbóth (Johann von Asbóth), (''Bosnien und die Herzegowina: Reisebilder und Studien'' ), Vienna, A. Hölder, 1888, p. 374〕 that were paid by the Auersperg family for the severed head of the Habsburg general Herbard VIII von Auersperg and the ransom for the general's son after a battle at the Croatian border in 1575, where Ferhat-paša was triumphant.〔(dejaNet.de: Banja Luka )〕 The mosque with its classical Ottoman architecture was most probably designed by a pupil of Mimar Sinan. There is no written data about the builders who erected the mosque, but from analysing its architecture it appears that the foreman of the works was from Sinan's school since the mosque shows obvious similarities with Sinan's Muradiye mosque in Manisa, which dates from 1585.〔 Džemal Ćelić, ''Ferhadija u Banjaluci'' (i.e. “Ferhadija in Banja Luka” ), ed. Society of Conservators of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Sarajevo 1968, p. 6〕 ==Architectural ensemble== The ensemble of the Ferhadija mosque consisted of the mosque itself, the courtyard, a graveyard, the fountain, 3 mausoleums ("turbes") and the surrounding wall with the gate. The original canopied wall was pulled down after 1884 and a more massive wall partly of masonry and wrought iron was built with a new gate and a drinking fountain. In the courtyard there was an ablutions fountain ("šadrvan") with a stone basin and twelve pipes. The water for the fountain was brought from a spring that is still known as ''Šadrvan''. Above the stone basin was a decorative wrought iron trellis, and in the 19th century a wooden baldaquin and dome and painted attic in the so-called Turkish baroque style was added which was demolished in 1955.〔(and Herzegovina Commission to Preserve National Monuments ): ''Ferhad Pasha mosque (Ferhadija) in Banja Luka,'' Decision of 7 May 2003, no: 08.2-6-533/03-8〕 One of three small adjacent mausoleums - Ferhad Pasha Turbe - contained the tombs of Ferhat-paša Sokolović, the others were for his granddaughter Safi-kaduna, and his ensign. A clock tower ("Sahat-Kula") was added later . Like most buildings of this type in Bosnia and Herzegovina, the mosque was on a modest scale: 18 meters (59 ft) wide, 14 meters (46 ft) long and 18 meters (59 ft) high at the top of the main dome. The minaret was 43 m (141 ft) high. According to legend, when the mosque was completed in 1579, Ferhad-Pasha had the masons locked inside this minaret, sentencing them to death so they could never make anything so beautiful, but one night they made wings and flew away.〔(''In Communion'' ): ''Mosque to be rebuilt in Bosnian Serb territory'' ( Website of the Orthodox Peace Fellowship, News Reports Spring 2001); retrieved 26 January 2011〕 Ferhadija was listed as a Bosnia and Herzegovina cultural heritage site in 1950. It was subsequently protected by UNESCO until its destruction in 1993. Today the site, with the mosque's remains, is listed as a national monument of Bosnia and Herzegovina.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ferhat Pasha Mosque」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|